In my role as a volunteer with the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Queensland, Australia, I had occasion recently to co-author a paper with Dr Mandy Paterson considering ethical and legal aspects of sterilizing pregnant companion animals:
“Sterilizing Pregnant Companion Animals: Ethics and Law” (April 2021) Journal of Applied Animal Ethics Research doi:10.1163/25889567-BJA10013
An abstract of the paper appears at https://brill.com/view/journals/jaae/aop/article-10.1163-25889567-BJA10013/article-10.1163-25889567-BJA10013.xml